Receiver’s Errors 

The USART Receiver has three Error Flags: Frame Error (FE0), Data OverRun (DOR0) and Parity Error (UPE0). All can be accessed by reading UCSR0A

The Error Flags are located in the receive buffer together with the frame for which they indicate the error status. Due to the buffering of the Error Flags, the UCSR0A must be read before the receive buffer (UDR0), since reading the UDR0 I/O location changes the buffer read location. 

The Error Flags have the following three common properties:

They can not be altered by software doing a write to the flag location. 

They must be set to zero when the UCSR0A is written for upward compatibility of future USART implementations. 

None of the Error Flags can generate interrupts. 

Frame Error 

The Frame Error (FE0) Flag indicates the state of the first stop bit of the next readable frame stored in the receive buffer. The FE0 Flag is zero when the stop bit was correctly read (as one), and the FE0 Flag will be one when the stop bit was incorrect (zero). This flag can be used for detecting out-of-sync conditions, detecting break conditions and protocol handling. The FEn Flag is not affected by the setting of the USBS0 bit in UCSR0C since the Receiver ignores all, except for the first, stop bits.

Data OverRun Error 

The Data OverRun (DOR0) Flag indicates data loss due to a receiver buffer full condition. A Data OverRun occurs when the receive buffer is full (two characters). There  is a new character waiting in the Receive Shift Register while a new start bit is detected. If the DOR0 Flag is set there was one or more serial frame lost between the frame last read from UDR0, and the next frame read from UDR0. The DOR0 Flag is cleared when the frame received was successfully moved from the Shift Register to the receive buffer. 

Parity Error 

The Parity Error (UPE0) Flag indicates that the next frame in the receive buffer had a Parity Error when received. If Parity Check is not enabled the UPE0 bit will always be read zero.

 

 

(to be continued…)

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