All electronic devices, computers and  micro controllers need to exchange data with other devices. One of the most used  way, since 1969, is the serial transmission using the RS232 standard when the EIA defined it. Serial transmission is commonly used with modems and for non-networked communication between computers, terminals, printers and other devices It is  useful for debugging purpose in embedded system. In the following paragraphs we describe the serial transmission in the two forms: Synchronous and Asynchronous. 

Yesterday I had to select some raws (1, 5, 9, ….) from a text file.

This has been a hard job because I was trying to solve the wrong problem……

Really, before coding you should analyze deeply your problem and then you should think which tool you need to use.

However, come on and see my experiments:

First of all we need a test file, I'll use the following:

During my experiments with LTIB I've encoutered the following error

Processing: gettext

=====================

Build path taken because: no prebuilt rpm, 

Testing network connectivity for gpp

OK GPP: is available

Try gettext-0.15.tar.gz.md5 from the GPP

Minicom is a text-based modem control and terminal emulation program for Unix-like operating systems, originally written by Miquel van Smoorenburg, and modeled after the popular MS-DOS program Telix. Minicom includes a dialing directory, ANSI and VT100 emulation, an (external) scripting language, and other features. Minicom is a menu-driven communications program. It also has an auto zmodem download.

One of the more diffcult job, while using the shell, is working with text files to filter their content.

In the following few lines you will find 3 different ways to remove all the duplicate lines from a text file.

First of all, I'll introduce three commands that are available on almost all of the linux distributions, and maybe in all Unix dialects:

uniq

Discard all but one of successive identical lines from INPUT (or standard input), writing to OUTPUT (or standard output).

… an evolving index of practical subjects for the Arduino and Freeduino microcontrollers, as found in the Arduino site, Playground wiki, forum and that big WWW thing. Everything you read here will work on Arduino, the many versions of Freeduino, the Barebones and RBBB, the Boarduino, the iDuino and MAXserial, the eauDuino, the Jeenode, the many Arduino-compatible boards listed below, and of course the new-kids-on-the-block, the Sanguino, the Freeduino EPIC and the Arduino MEGA. Because of the different hardware layouts of these boards, slight modifications will occasionally be required between physical platforms.

This simple board has been developed to work together with an arduino board, but it can be used in conjunction with every other boards with an I2C bus and a power suplly into the range [2.7..5]V.

The schemathic for this board is shown in the following picture:

To play a sound on your iPhone, first of all, you shall add the Audio the Audio Toolbox framework into your frameworks group in XCode. Then, at the beginning of your view controller add the following line:

#import <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h>


Now insert the .wav drag and drop your wav file into the resource folder of your project into xcode window.

The GCC provides the capability to generate optimized compiled code. When you are running gcc to compile your code you can choose between a large number of optimization levels using the following switches: